Navigating Flu Season

As the leaves turn and temperatures drop, we find ourselves once again in the throes of flu season – a period typically spanning from October to March in the UK, during which influenza virus transmission peaks. Influenza (flu) is a highly contagious respiratory illness that can cause severe symptoms and complications, especially in vulnerable populations. Understanding how to prevent the spread of flu and manage it if contracted is crucial for maintaining public health.

Preventing the spread of flu

Flu is very infectious and easily spread to other people. You're more likely to give it to others during the time you have symptoms, but it can also be passed on before you develop symptoms.

The best way to reduce the risk of contracting seasonal flu is to get vaccinated each year, but good health habits like covering your cough and washing your hands often can help stop the spread of germs and prevent respiratory illnesses like the flu.

The tips and resources below will help you learn about steps you can take to protect yourself and others from flu and help stop the spread of germs:

1. Flu vaccination: The most effective way to reduce the risk of influenza is by getting the annual flu vaccine. The NHS offers free flu jabs to those at higher risk, including individuals over 65, pregnant women, healthcare workers and people with certain chronic conditions. You may also be able to get a flu vaccine through your employer. Learn more here: Flu vaccine - NHS.
2. Hand hygiene: Regular and thorough hand washing with soap and water is a simple yet powerful way to prevent the spread of the flu virus. When soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitiser.
3. Respiratory etiquette: Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing, dispose of the tissue immediately, then wash your hands. If a tissue isn't available, use the crook of your elbow to contain droplets.
4. Avoid close contact: Keep your distance from people who are unwell and if you're ill, try to stay at home to prevent spreading the virus to others. Avoid touching your face, as the eyes, nose and mouth are entry points for the virus.
5. Clean surfaces: The flu virus can survive on surfaces for 24-48 hours. Regularly clean and disinfect frequently touched objects and surfaces, such as door handles, light switches and mobile phones.
6. Healthy lifestyle: Optimise your immune system by eating a balanced diet, getting regular exercise, ensuring adequate sleep and managing stress.

What to do if you have the flu

If you find yourself with flu symptoms such as high fever, body aches, fatigue and a dry cough – here are steps you should take:

• To recover and avoid spreading the virus, rest at home until you're well, which is usually about a week for most people.
• Drink plenty of fluids like water, herbal teas and clear broths to stay hydrated and help alleviate symptoms.
• Take paracetamol or ibuprofen to lower your temperature and treat aches and pains. Do not take paracetamol and flu remedies that contain paracetamol at the same time as it's easy to take more than the recommended dose. Some people need to avoid ibuprofen because of other health conditions, like asthma. 
• If you're in a high-risk group or if symptoms are severe or worsening, contact your GP or NHS 111. If you experience sudden chest pain, have difficulty breathing or start coughing up a lot of blood, call 999 or go to A&E.

While the flu can be a serious illness, taking proactive measures to prevent infection and following appropriate steps when ill can significantly mitigate its impact on individuals and communities.